Second Republic

Second Republic (19181939) [ the Austro-Hungarian Empire Queen - West Princess] The Austro-Hungarian Empire empress, Princess sisi The first World War to 1917, the Russian October Revolution erupted, in August 29, 1918, the Soviet government issued Chanel Handbags a decree, announced the abolition of tsarist Russia, Austria and general agreement on the partition of Poland all treaties, admitted that the people of Poland to enjoy the " independence and unity can not be denied rights". At the same time, in 1916November, the German government has promised to create an "independent Poland", at the end of 12, Germany, Austria established" Poland temporary Council", and in the Poland youth conscription, the socialists Pilsudski ( J ZEF Klemens Pi sudski",1867- 1935) was appointed interim state conference of the military secretary. In 1918 10, November, Austria-Hungary and Germany tends to collapse, so as to the Poland state formed a favorable international conditions. In October 28th, the Austrian occupation zones in Poland patriot in Krakow set up a" Poland liquidation committee". In November 7th, the Social Democrats in Lublin founded the Republic of Poland provisional government. In October 23rd, Warsaw formed the Poland government, in November 11th, the government by Pilsudski leadership. Lublin government and Krakow also announced the liquidation committee accepted Pilsudski leadership. In November 18th, Pilsudski in Warsaw to form a coalition government, he became the head of state of the Republic of Poland. In this way, since 1795, Poland has been divided since the destruction, after 123 years, to 1918our country regained independence in November, reconstruction. On December 8, 1919, the Allied Supreme Council in Paris and the meeting passed a resolution, agreed to rebuild Poland state, recognition of the Republic of Poland, and suggests that in the polish-bolshevik distinction between temporary demarcation line, namely along the hrodna, Brest, Helou, Pu heat meters don't Shu Fu Dyer, until the line. However, the Poland government tried to restore the1772 Russian wave boundary line. The Second World War (19391944) From 1938 to October, Hitler offered Poland Poland corridor of the problem, and to Poland from the threat of war. In August 23, 1939, the Soviet-German non-aggression pact between and territorial secret protocol ( the Soviet Union had been denied the existence of the secret protocol ). In September 1, 1939, the German Blitzkrieg to assault Poland, rapid occupation of most of the territory of Poland and Poland, the heroic resistance. In September 17th, the government of Poland fled abroad, first formed in Paris with Sikorski ( W adys aw Eugeniusz Sikorski ) led by general government in exile. After the defeat of France, on 1940, Prada UK the government in exile to england. At the same time, in September 17th, Soviet leader Stalin ( author me every it author author it it schedule constitute finishing it ) in order to establish the eastern defense command,600000Soviet Red Army crossed the border of Su Bo, into eastern Poland, occupied western Ukraine and Western Belarus. In September 18th, Soviet and German in Brest Litovsk realignment, Germany, Soviet armies to pizza River - the tired, the Vistula River - Sang He River - a division of Poland community. In September 28th, the Germans captured Warsaw, Poland again lost. The people of Poland began the anti-fascist war of national liberation. The monument to the heroes of the Jews [ Warsaw ] The monument to the heroes of the Jews of Warsaw In 1941 the German attack on the Soviet Union, and all occupied the territory of Poland, and the Soviet Union and the government of Poland in exile to establish diplomatic relations. In 1942, the government in exile in the domestic establishment of a national army, the same year, the Soviet Union in support of the Poland Communist Party established in Poland workers' Party and people's army, in the underground with the Nazi occupation forces launched an extremely hard and bitter struggle. For this reason, many people gave precious life. In 1943, as a result of the Katyn Forest incident, a government in exile again and Soviet diplomatic relations. As the war situation, the Soviet counter-offensive will front advance gradually to the territory of Poland. The 1944 New Year's day, the workers' Party of the initiative, the establishment of the National People's Congress, Beirut ( Boles aw Bierut ) chairman. In July 22, 1944, the National People's Congress of the Poland meeting in the Committee of national liberation, enacted the historic" July Manifesto", declared the Poland new nation was born. In 1944August, the Soviet Red Army advanced to the outskirts of Warsaw, in the British government in exile in the new Poland national authorities in the greater interest, The command in Warsaw's underground militia revolted, this is the famous Warsaw uprising. According to the Yalta and Potsdam conferences decision, decided Poland East, western border, in the eastern part of the Kou Song line for the wave of Soviet boundary, West bode boundaries westward to ord - nice River, and Szczecin and into the Poland side of the border, Coach Outlet vino. Thus, the domain of Poland whole moves on the West200kilometers, area than pre-war reduced about 76000 square kilometers, is about a loss of 20% of the territory. In World War II, the people of Poland for the anti-fascist war made great sacrifices, there are approximately 6000000Poland soldiers and civilians were killed in the war. In the territory of Poland, many of the Nazi genocide of Jews and other civilians in the camp, the most famous of which is the Auschwitz concentration camp ( Auschwitz ). In all the countries involved, according to population ratio to calculate, Poland is the most deadly state. The people's Republic of China period (1944~ 1989) In 1947, Poland held parliamentary elections, Soviet support for Beirut was elected president, the socialists cyrankiewicz ( J: ZEF Cyrankiewicz ) served as the prime minister, Poland embarked on a road to socialism, the western government in exile basic exclusion in right center. In 1948December, the Poland Workers Party and Socialist Party of Poland merged, the establishment of the Poland United Workers Party ( Polska Zjednoczona Partia Robotnicza, PZPR ). Beirut holds the post of general secretary. People's Government of the large and medium-sized industrial, transportation, the nationalized banks, implementation of land reform, arouse people to complete the recovery of national economy in the three year plan (1947~ 1949), the national economy and the people's lives have been improved, with the Poland October 7, 1949, newborn people's Republic of China established diplomatic relations. From 1950 onwards, Poland began the implementation of the development of the national economy in the six year plan (1950~ 1955). In 1952, Poland changed the name of the country for the people's Republic of Poland ( Polska Rzeczpospolita Ludowa, PRL ), and by the people's Republic of Poland constitution, Savoy Blavatsky ( Aleksander Zawadzki ) was elected chairman of the Council of state, Beirut was appointed as the chairman of the Council of ministers. 1956March, Beirut died in Moscow, Austrian Harb ( Edward Ochab ) as first secretary. But Poland's social structure, the political and cultural traditions, religious beliefs and the development of the capitalist economy, are illustrated in the Poland to establish socialism has be congenitally deficient defect. But Beirut is the first of Timberland Boots the Poland government 's dogmatic or accept Russia mode socialism. Based on the model of the Soviet Union, Poland has developed the development of heavy industry in the first place, according to the" heavy - light - agriculture" in the sequence of industrialization economic development strategy, which results in serious imbalance in the proportion of the national economy, heavy industry comprehensive development, agriculture to lag behind for a long time, inflation, currency devaluation, people living standard drops. [ GDN ] Gdansk The Soviet Union Model of severe defects in Poland with the hearts of the anti-Russian rebellion psychology, religion, the liberal tradition and the wave of ruling party in the bureaucratic corruption prevalent mistakes, and so a comprehensive factors, make socialism in Poland executive is hard, leading to the Poland after the World War II east bloc in the most unstable countries. In 1956, Soviet leader Khrushchev ( me K me advanced finishing schedule constitute advanced from advanced it specifically came forth advanced )" Stalin", to the socialist camp of the East have brought about a tremendous impact, Poland occurred at the time had a famous event in Poznan. In June of that year, Poland western industrial city of Poznan locomotive factory workers in Stalin, asked for a wage increase, reduce tax economic demands by authorities refused, so in June 28, 1956, Poznan City erupted one hundred thousand demonstrations. It later developed into the police and workers. The tank and the security forces also participated in the repression of the workers. According to statistics, only a day conflict riots,54 people have died,2000 injured, and 300people were arrested. In order to appease the already very grim situation, the authorities have adopted a compromise position. In June 30th, the authorities take some easing measures: Ministry of former mechanical industry was demoted to minister; Stalin locomotive works taxes will in installment to the workers of the factory; as the incident victims held burial ceremony, fury and calm down. In August 4, 1956, Poland United workers party decided to withdraw the original1949November wave common leader brother Moore card ( W adys aw Gomu KA ) and criticism and condemnation, and it will be released from prison. In October 19th the same year, brother Moore was elected as a member of the central committee. In Su Bo the talks between the two parties, brother Moore card against Soviet interference Cheap Adidas in Poland's domestic affairs and pressure, adhere to the" Poland's own road". In October 21st, was elected as the first Secretary of the Central Committee of the party. In October of the same year at the party's two session of the Eighth Plenary Session of brother Moore card was elected the first secretary, from 1956 to1960 five year plan, the development of consumer goods production and agriculture, improve the people's living standards as the main task. The meeting on the previous policy of criticism", put forward to overcome bureaucracy and dogmatism"," strengthening the rule of law and democracy of political life"," faster economic development, improving people's life " the new guidelines. But as a result of the Soviet model of severe defects can not overcome, later in the two five year plan (1961~ 1970) period, national economy proportion still serious disorders. Third Republic (1989 to date) From the beginning of 1986, as the Soviet Union 's Gorbachev ( it it schedule constitute advanced advanced from advanced it f album ) foreign policy began to use a turn to the right "new thinking", and to the Eastern European country policy, the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe in the onset of turbulence. The Poland government in 1988, the price reform of discontent among the masses. In 1989,2to April, Poland United workers' Party and solidarity opposition Roundtable Conference ( Rozmowy Okr g ego Sto U ), after discussion, Mapam agreed to unite unions. June Poland hold national elections, solidarity won 99% Senate seats. In September 12th Ma Zuowei Yates based the Solidarity trade union ( Tadeusz Mazowiecki ) to solidarity is dominant, including United Farmers party and the democratic coalition government. The United workers' party leader Jaruzelski as its first president, a term of 6years. In December 29th the same year, Parliament passed an amendment to the constitution, decided to change the name for the Republic of Poland, the red bottom White Eagle crown restoration for the national emblem of Poland. Known as the Third Republic of Poland. Poland was officially introduced to politics to pursue a Western-style parliamentary democracy, carry out economic to privatization is the foundation for the market economy development. In 1990November elections, who in the second round of voting was elected president. He put forward the " construction of Nike Air Max freedom, democracy, prosperity of the New Republic", the economic development based on private ownership and market economy, removal of the land of the free trading limit and foreign policy emphasis to throughout Europe and the world open. During World War II by the Soviet and Nazi together after the demise of the Poland government in exile has existed until1990December, the Poland government inherited the tradition is the London government in exile. In 1990December, at the Warsaw palace of the new Poland presidential inauguration ceremony, the London government in exile president of the first Republic of Poland flag, the Constitution and the original presidential seal to Lech walesa. 1995, like in the presidential election defeat kwasniewski. In economic shunt, Poland brings pain. But Poland still become the first European ex-communist countries in economic transition is the most successful one of a few countries, has achieved rapid economic growth. In 1999, Poland joined NATO in 2003June, Poland held a referendum, decide to join the European union. Poland to join an European Union formally on May 1, 2004, in December 21, 2007 to become the Shen Root Convention membership. In April 10, 2010, Poland's President Lech Kaczynski to Smolensk to mark the70anniversary of the Katyn massacre on the way, Cheap Jordan the plane crash in Russia, including the president,88 people were killed.

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